Just energy transitions are one of the main goals in political agendas worldwide, as governments assume the responsibility to lead the process in presence of global public goods and social asymmetries. This paper suggests studying the Spanish case, in which the national Government leads through specific organisms, laws, and tools. The main tool to accomplish the public intervention aimed at mobilising local resources and motivating investments is the Agreement of Just Transition or CTJ. Notwithstanding, CTJs present limitations that this paper classifies into three categories: concept and design, diagnosis, and participative processes. The final discussion suggests corrections and warns against similar weaknesses in other potential contexts.